Why Is Manipur Under President’s Rule?

In February 2024, the central government imposed President’s Rule in Manipur after the Chief Minister resigned and no new leader could be chosen. This happened during a time of growing violence and tension between different communities.

In India, President’s Rule is the suspension of the state government and the imposition of direct Union Government rule in a state. President’s Rule was imposed in Manipur under Article 356 of the constitution, five days after Chief Minister Biren Singh resigned from his post following directions from central BJP leaders. Currently, the Governor is Ajay Kumar Bhalla, and in place of the Chief Minister, the President will govern the state. The judiciary remains with the Manipur High Court.

Key issues in Manipur include land conflicts, as Meiteis and tribal communities disagree over land rights. Political imbalance exists because one group has more seats, while the other demands fair representation. The influx of refugees from Myanmar has created additional pressure on land and jobs. Insurgency and drug trade remain problematic due to Manipur’s border with Myanmar. Additionally, tribal groups have been demanding autonomy, seeking separate control of their regions.

Violence on the streets of Manipur (Photo Source: PTI)

The Manipur violence began on 3 May 2023, triggered by ethnic tensions between the majority Meitei community and the Kuki-Zo tribal groups. The conflict has been linked to issues like Meitei majoritarianism and cross-border narcoterrorism. According to official reports, as of November 2024, 258 people have died, over 1,100 have been injured, and more than 60,000 displaced, with significant damage to homes and religious structures, including churches and temples.

When President’s Rule is imposed, the central government assumes direct control over state governance. The President, through the governor, manages the state’s affairs, and the powers of the state legislature are transferred to the Parliament.

WRITTEN BY KOLA RAGINI, GRADE 9

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